New progress on clinical characteristics and related mechanisms of chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease / 器官移植

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) could effectively treat multiple hematological diseases. At present, with persistent improvement of transplantation techniques and rapid development of economy, more and more patients with hematological diseases are able to survive for a long time due to allo-HSCT treatment. Chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (coGVHD) is the most common ocular complication after allo-HSCT, which is primarily manifested with refractory dry eye. In severe cases, it may cause imbalance of ocular surface homeostasis and limbal stem cell insufficiency, further leading to a series of complications that threaten the visual function and eye health, such as corneal perforation and symblepharon, etc. It is highly difficult to cure these symptoms. At present, relevant studies of clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, treatment specification and pathogenesis of coGVHD have been gradually deepened within the international community. However, related research and the establishment of clinical specification are still in the primary stage in China. In this article, research progress on clinical characteristics and related mechanisms of coGVHD was reviewed, aiming to deepen the understanding of this disease by ophthalmologists, especially specialists in corneal and ocular surface diseases, and provide novel ideas for subsequent in-depth research.

Immune factors in the pathogenesis of dacryocystitis and their roles / 中华实验眼科杂志

Dacryocystitis is a common ophthalmic disease, and the main treatment of it is to abandon the obstructed nasolacrimal duct and create a new lacrimal drainage pathway through implanting a tube.For now, its pathogenesis is understood very limitedly.It is widely accepted that many factors take part in its occurrence, among which obstruction and infection play important roles.Recent researches have shown that there is lacrimal drainage-associated lymphoid tissue (LDALT) which changes remarkably in dacryocystitis, and significant differences in cytokines expression levels in tears between dacryocystitis patients and normal control have been found.In addition, the lacrimal duct has reactions similar to immune rejection to the silicone tube.All of these indicate that immune factors participate in the pathogenesis of dacryocystitis.Changes of immune tissue and macromolecular substances including the LDALT, cytokines, local tissue and cytokines after tube implantation were reviewed to analyze the changes and possible roles of immune factors in the pathogenesis of dacryocystitis.

Research progress of tertiary lymphatic structure in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma / 国际外科学杂志

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the sixth most common malignant carcinoma worldwide, about 60% of patients are in advanced stage at the time of visit, the incidence rate is increasing gradually while the 3-year-survival rate has not been improved .Since most patients have reached advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, it brings great difficulties to treatment and leads to poor prognosis. In recent years, many articles have found out that Tertiary lymphoid structures are in and around samples of HNSCC patients and are positively related to disease progession and outcome of patients. In-depth analysis of TLS in the formation of HNSCC and the function in tumor micro environment can help estimate the prognosis of patients and provide guidance for future treatment In this article, the compositions, functions, current research of TLS with its prognostic factors and its influence on future treatment in HNSCC will be reviewed.

Clinical characteristics and endoscopic diagnosis and treatment for colorectal mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma / 中华消化内镜杂志

Clinical and endoscopic data of 6 patients with colorectal mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma who were diagnosed by endoscopy in the Digestive Endoscopy Center of Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 2 males and 4 females with aged from 62 to 87 years. The lesions were located in rectum in 3 cases, transverse colon in 1 case, sigmoid colon in 1 case, and sigmoid colon and rectum in 1 case. There were 1 case of polyposis type, 2 cases of inflammation type, and 3 cases of submucosal tumor type. The "tree-like appearance (TLA)" found in 5 cases. Endoscopic resection, surgery combined with chemotherapy, Helicobacter pylori eradication and follow-up were performed on 2, 1, 1 and 2 cases, respectively. Five cases had a good prognosis after 21-73 months follow-up, and 1 case had lost to follow-up. No recurrence was found in endoscopic and imaging review. Colorectal MALT lymphoma should be considered when colonoscopy detects a submucosal lesion with TLA sign on the left colon. Endoscopic resection has the potential to be a first-line treatment in the context of early diagnosis.

Oral follicular lymphoid hyperplasia: clinicopathologic of a case series / Hiperplasia linfoide folicular oral: clinicopatológico de uma série de casos

RESUMEN La hiperplasia folicular linfoide (HFL) es una proliferación linfoide reactiva que puede simular linfomas, tanto clínica como histológicamente. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar las características clínicas, morfológicas e inmunohistoquímicas de una serie de casos de HFL en la cavidad oral y discutir importantes aspectos diagnósticos y diagnósticos diferenciales en relación con los linfomas foliculares. Un análisis retrospectivo de los registros de una base de datos de 38 años reveló nueve casos diagnosticados como HFL de la cavidad oral. La edad de los pacientes osciló entre 8 y 44 años. La mayoría de las lesiones se localizaron en la mucosa oral y la presencia de un nódulo indoloro fue el hallazgo clínico más común. El análisis histopatológico reveló proliferación de células linfoides dispuestas en patrón folicular, presentando folículos primarios y secundarios con centro germinal y zona del manto, con evidencia de macrófagos que contenían cuerpos apoptóticos en su interior, así como evidencia de figuras de mitosis típicas. Observamos el área interfolicular, los linfocitos, los macrófagos e las islas epimioepiteliales. El análisis inmunohistoquímico reveló positividad de folículos linfoides para CD20, CD68, CD3 y linfoma de células B2 (Bcl-2). La presentación clínica de HFL y las evidencias histopatológicas de folículos linfáticos que muestran centros germinales indistintos con una zona del manto mal definida pueden ser un problema debido a la similitud con el linfoma folicular.

Controversias en cirugía: Erradicación del Helicobacter pylori ¿Terapia a todos o según indicaciones usuales? / Controversies in surgery: Eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Therapy for all or according to usual indications?

La infección por Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), es la infección bacteriana crónica más frecuente de la raza humana, afecta al 50 % de la población mundial y, por lo menos, al 80 % de la población colombiana. Esta bacteria es re-conocida desde hace más de 15 años como un carcinógeno tipo I. De acuerdo con las indicaciones del Consenso de "Maastricht V" esta infección debe ser buscada y tratada en los pacientes con úlcera péptica activa, linfoma MALT (por sus siglas en inglés, mucosa associated lymphoid tissue), cáncer gástrico temprano, púrpura que presenten síntomas dispépticos crónicos y usuarios crónicos de AINES. Debido al papel que tiene en la fisiopatología del cáncer gástrico, nace la iniciativa de realizar una búsqueda activa del H. pylori y erradicarlo en todas las personas, incluyendo aquellas asintomáticas en países con alta incidencia de esta neoplasia. Existen diversas publicaciones alrededor del mundo que así lo sugieren, mostrando resultados con impacto positivo en el curso y progresión de la enfermedad, sobre todo en las etapas más tempranas de la infección. Sin embargo, otros autores resaltan la creciente problemática de la resistencia bacteriana, y demuestran que el peso estadístico y los diferentes análisis de los estudios disponibles en la actualidad tienen poca validez para dar una recomendación extendida al paciente asintomático. Se cuestiona que tal vez, estamos utilizando las estrategias inadecuadas para manejar una situación de salud pública, ya que estamos enfocados en impactar a cada individuo con terapias antibióticas complejas, en vez de a la población en general con políticas de salud pública

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most frequent chronic bacterial infection in humans, affecting 50% of the world population, and at least 80% of the Colombian population. This bacteria has been recognized for more than 15 years as a type I carcinogen. According to the indications of the "Maastricht V" consensus, this infection should be sought and treated in patients with: active peptic ulcer, MALT lymphoma (for its acronym Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue), early gastric cancer, purpura who present with chronic dyspeptic symptoms and chronic users of NSAIDs. Due to the role it plays in the pathophysiology of gastric cancer, the initiative was born to carry out an active search for H. pylori and eradicate it in all people, including those asymptomatic in countries with a high incidence of this neoplasia.There are various publications around the world that suggest the effectiveness of this treatment and the positive impact on the course and progression of the disease, especially in the earliest stages of the infection, since the more advanced stages have less encouraging results regarding progression to malignancy. However, other authors highlight the growing problem of bacterial resistance that we are currently facing and demonstrate that the sta-tistical weight and the different analyzes of the currently available studies have little validity to give an extended recommendation to the asymptomatic patient. It is suggested that perhaps inappropriate strategies to manage this public health situation are being used, since we are focused on impacting each individual with complex antibiotic therapies, instead of the general population with public health policies

Endoscopic Features and Clinical Pathology Analysis of Gastric Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma / 胃肠病学

Background: Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a rare extranodal B cell lymphoma with atypical clinical symptoms and diverse endoscopic manifestations, and its diagnosis is a challenging. Aims: To summarize the clinicopathological features and endoscopic manifestations of gastric MALT lymphoma. Methods: Clinicopathological data of 33 patients with gastric MALT lymphoma diagnosed by pathology from Jan.2013 to Dec.2018 at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were retrospectively analyzed. The clinicopathological features and endoscopic manifestations of gastric MALT lymphoma were summarized. Results: The incidence of gastric MALT lymphoma of male was slightly higher than that of female, and the average age was 54 years old. The infection rate of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) was 81.8%. The main clinical manifestation was upper abdominal pain (48.5%). Gastric body was the main lesion site. The endoscopic morphology was dominated by ulcer type. Twenty-six patients were early gastric MALT lymphoma (Ⅰ+Ⅱ), and 7 were advanced gastric MALT lymphoma (Ⅲ+Ⅳ). Ki-67 proliferation index in early gastric MALT lymphoma was significantly lower than in advanced gastric MALT lymphoma (P0.05). Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of gastric MALT lymphoma are not typical, and the endoscopic manifestations are varied. Endoscopic examination combined with pathological biopsy is the basis of diagnosis. Regular endoscopic follow-up is very important for the prognosis of patients with gastric MALT lymphoma.

Clinicopathological analysis of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma secondary to Sjögren' s syndrome in salivary gland / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma secondary to Sjögren' s syndrome (SS) (SS-MALT lymphoma) in salivary gland and to explore the value of the combined application of histopathological morphology, protein expression and molecular phenotype in pathological diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of SS-MALT lymphoma.@*METHODS@#Sixteen patients with SS-MALT lymphoma were collected from 260 patients who were diagnosed with SS in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from January 1997 to December 2016. Twelve patients with non-MALT lymphoma secondary to SS (non-SS-MALT lymphoma) in salivary gland were selected as controls. The clinical data of the patients were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. All the patients were followed up until December 20, 2019. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques were used to observe the histologic characteristics and to detect the manifestations of light chain restrictive expression, immunoglobulin (Ig) gene clonal rearrangement, chromosome translocation and gene abnormality, so as to evaluate their values in pathological diagnosis and prognostic evaluation.@*RESULTS@#The malignant transformation rate of SS to MALT lymphoma was about 6.15%, ranged from 3 to 240 months, during which 2 patients died due to high-level deterioration. Microscopically, the acini of the glandular tissue were atrophied and destroyed. The tumor cells dominated by central cell-like lymphocytes grew diffusely, destroying the epithelial islands. All SS-MALT lymphoma cases were positive in CD20 and Pax5. Half of them had the Ki-67 proliferation index of 10% or less, and half greater than 10%. 93.75% cases expressed AE1/AE3 protein, which showed the residual glandular epithelium. All the tumor cells were negative in CD3ε, and the plasma cells were detected by CD138 antigen. The light chain restrictive expression of κ and λ was 37.5% in SS-MALT lymphoma group. The positive detection rates of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH)-FR1, IgH-FR2, IgH-FR3, immunoglobulin kappa chain (IgK)-A, and IgK-B in SS-MALT lymphoma group were 33.3%, 53.3%, 33.3%, 20.0%, and 26.7%, respectively, and 93.3% when together used with IgH and IgK. The positive rates of the MALT1, IGH and BCL6 genes with dual color break-apart probes were 36.4%, 27.3% and 27.3%, and the detection rate of chromosome translocation and gene abnormality by applying the three probes was 72.7%.@*CONCLUSION@#There are no specific histological characteristics and protein phenotypes in the histologic diagnosis of SS-MALT lymphoma in salivary gland. The combined application of histopathological manifestations, immunohistochemistry, PCR and FISH techniques helps the accurate pathologic diagnosis of the disease. Although SS-MALT lymphoma is considered as an indolent lymphoma with a relatively favorable prognosis, the regular return visit and long-term follow-up should be conducted to detect the clues of recurrence and advanced deterioration.

Primary thymic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: 7 clinical cases report and a review of the literature / 中华血液学杂志

Objective@#To reveal clinical features, pathological diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of primary thymic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and review literatures.@*Methods@#The clinical characteristics, pathological diagnosis, laboratory texts, treatment and prognosis of 7 cases of primary thymic MALT lymphoma identified at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from November 2017 to January 2019 were collected and analyzed.@*Results@#Of 7 primary thymic MALT lymphoma cases, six were female. Patients were often asymptomatic and were found mediastinal mass by chest CT. After mediastinal mass resection, pathologist reported a primary thymic MALT lymphoma. Laboratory tests showed all patients were positive for anti-nuclear antibody, anti-Ro52 antibodies and anti-Sjogren’s syndrome A antibodies, and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) . Four were diagnosed with Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) . After surgery, the patients were given the positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT) scans. All cases received "watch and wait" approach. Up to now, all cases showed good prognoses and none of them relapsed.@*Conclusion@#Primary thymic MALT lymphoma was rare, and it was often associated with autoimmune diseases. Such patients who usually had good prognoses should be followed up closely and avoided excessive treatments if there were no indications of intervention.

Clinical-pathological aspects of oral lymphoepithelial cyst: case report / Aspectos clinicopatológicos de cisto linfoepitelial oral: relato de caso

ABSTRACT Oral lymphoepithelial cyst (OLEC) is an uncommon lesion whose pathogenesis remains poorly understood. The purpose of this paper is to report a case of OLEC. Female patient, white, 62 years old, presented asymptomatic nodular swelling of soft consistency in the lateral border of the tongue. Under the clinical hypothesis of lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, an excisional biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a pathological epithelial-lined cavity and a cystic connective tissue capsule containing lymphoid tissue. The diagnosis of OLEC was established and the patient showed no signs of recurrence after surgical removal of the lesion.

RESUMEN El quiste linfoepitelial (QLE) oral es una lesión infrecuente, cuya patogénesis es aún poco conocida. El objetivo del presente estudio es reportar un caso de QLE oral. Mujer blanca de 62 años presentó un crecimiento nodular asintomático de consistencia blanda, en borde lateral de la lengua. Bajo la hipótesis clínica de hiperplasia del tejido linfoide, se realizó una biopsia excisional. El examen histopatológico reveló cavidad patológica revestida de epitelio y una cápsula quística de tejido conectivo, conteniendo tejido linfoide. Se estableció el diagnóstico de QLE oral. La paciente no ha presentado recidiva tras extirpación quirúrgica de la lesión.

RESUMO O cisto linfoepitelial oral (CLEO) é uma lesão incomum, cuja patogênese ainda é pouco elucidada. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar um caso de CLEO. Paciente do sexo feminino, leucoderma, 62 anos, apresentou aumento de volume nodular assintomático de consistência amolecida, em borda lateral da língua. Sob a hipótese clínica de hiperplasia de tecido linfoide, biópsia excisional foi realizada. O exame histopatológico revelou cavidade patológica revestida por epitélio e uma cápsula cística de tecido conjuntivo, contendo tecido linfoide. O diagnóstico de CLEO foi estabelecido. A paciente não apresentou sinais de recidiva após a remoção cirúrgica da lesão.

Parotid follicular lymphoid hyperplasia - a rare entity: the challenges in differential diagnosis / Hiperplasia linfoide folicular em parótida - uma rara entidade: os desafios no diagnóstico diferencial

ABSTRACT A 61-year-old female patient presented a nodular lesion located in the right buccal mucosa with a 3-month evolution. Clinical hypotheses of salivary duct cyst and mucocele were proposed, and the patient underwent excisional biopsy. Microscopically, a well-circumscribed and encapsulated lymphoid aggregate fragment was observed, characterized by layers of well-differentiated small lymphocytes and collections of reactive lymphoblasts. These findings, associated with immunohistochemistry, established the diagnosis of follicular lymphoid hyperplasia. Currently, the patient is well, under follow-up after six months.

RESUMEN Paciente del sexo femenino de 61 años de edad exhibió lesión nodular localizada en mucosa yugal derecha con tiempo de evolución de tres meses. Se establecieron las hipótesis clínicas de quiste del ducto salival y mucocele, y la paciente se sometió a una biopsia excisional. Microscópicamente, se observó un fragmento de agregado linfoide bien circunscrito y encapsulado, caracterizado por capas de linfocitos pequeños bien diferenciados y colecciones de linfoblastos reactivos. Esos hallazgos, asociados al estudio inmunohistoquímico, basaron el diagnóstico de hiperplasia folicular linfoide. Al presente, la paciente se encuentra bien, bajo seguimiento seis meses después.

RESUMO Paciente do sexo feminino, 61 anos de idade, exibiu lesão nodular localizada em mucosa jugal direita com evolução há três meses. As hipóteses clínicas de cisto do ducto salivar e mucocele foram estabelecidas, e a paciente foi submetida à biópsia excisional. Microscopicamente, foi observado fragmento de agregado linfoide bem circunscrito e encapsulado, caracterizado por camadas de pequenos linfócitos bem diferenciados e coleções de linfoblastos reativos. Esses achados, associados ao estudo imuno-histoquímico, estabeleceram o diagnóstico de hiperplasia linfoide folicular. Atualmente, a paciente encontra-se bem, sob proservação após seis meses.

Efficacy of sequential therapy versus standard triple therapy versus quinolone-based triple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection

Background: Helicobacter pylori colonization is a risk factor for Adenocarcinomas of the distal (noncardia) stomach. The presence of Helicobacter pylori is strongly associated with primary gastric lymphoma. The urea breath test, the stool antigen test, and biopsy-based tests can all be used to assess the success of treatment. Helicobacter pylori is susceptible to a wide range of antibiotics in vitro, monotherapy is not usually successful, probably because of inadequate antibiotic delivery to the colonization niche. Current regimens consist of a PPI or H2 blocker, bismuth citrate and two or three antimicrobial agents given for 7-14 days. Research on optimizing drug combinations to increase efficacy continues. Efficacy of Sequential Therapy versus Standard Triple Therapy versus Quinolone-based Triple Therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection is done in this study.Methods: This study had been conducted on 150 patients divided into three groups randomly 50 Patients each and were treated with Sequential, Standard and Quinolone based triple therapy respectively. Patients were followed up no sooner than four weeks of completing therapy by rapid urease test to confirm eradication.Results: There was no significant difference with regards to presence of GERD, Gastric Ulcers, Duodenal Ulcers (p value>0.05) except for presence of erosive gastritis which was significantly higher in patients in quinolone group (p value<0.05). The eradication rate was 90%, 86%, 82% in Sequential therapy group, Triple therapy group and Fluroquinolone group respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference in eradication rates in these groups (p value>0.05).Conclusions: Sequential therapy group had better eradication rates (90%) as compared to standard triple therapy group (86%) and fluroquinolone therapy group (82%) but results were not statistically significant when all three groups were compared together.

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma on right lower eyelid previously diagnosed as lymphoid hyperplasia

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is an uncommon form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Most commonly affected organ is the stomach. But, it could affect almost every organ in the whole body. If they have suspicious lesion, excision biopsy could be made. For staging, blood test including blood smear, abdomen and chest tomography or scan will be checked. Also, bone marrow test can be done if it is needed. The patient had visited the clinic for palpable mass on right lower eyelid. With excisional biopsy, it was diagnosed as lymphoid hyperplasia on pathologic test. But 2 years later, the patient came with recurrent symptom for our department with worry. At that time, we recommended excisional soft tissue biopsy under general anesthesia. Unfortunately, it was revealed MALT lymphoma on pathologic finding. It turned out to be stage 3 in Ann Arbor staging system without B symptoms. Hematologic consultation was made and she was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for eight cycles to complete remission. We report a case of MALT lymphoma on subcutaneous tissue at right lower eyelid previously diagnosed as lymphoid hyperplasia.

Tertiary lymphoid structure in gastric cancer and its clinical significance / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the pathological features and prognostic value of tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) formation in gastric cancer (GC) . Methods HE staining slides were reviewed to evaluate the TLS in 163 specimens from patients with GC in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from 2006 to 2008. The validation cohort contained 63 randomly selected cases and immunohistochemical staining of MECA-79 was used to verify the accuracy of pathological assessment of TLS. Results TLS score and MECA-79 immunohistochemical staining showed significant correlation (P = 0. 002) and agreement (P = 0. 024) . The TLS was not significantly correlated to clinical pathological parameters. The patients with high level of TLS had better prognosis (P = 0. 025) with the mean survival time of 48. 54 months. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, TLS was an independent prognostic factor (P = 0. 031) . Conclusion The pathological evaluation of TLS is accurate. The formation of TLS is an important positive prognostic factor for GC patients.

Nodular Gastritis as a Precursor Lesion of Atrophic and Metaplastic Gastritis / 대한소화기병학회잡지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and metaplastic gastritis (MG) are precancerous conditions of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-related gastric cancer. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of nodular gastritis (NG) showing CAG or MG after nodule regression. METHODS: H. pylori-infected patients with NG were included after upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patients were excluded if their latest endoscopy had been performed ≤36 months after the initial diagnosis of NG. Small-granular-type NG was defined as the condition with 1–2 mm regular subepithelial nodules. Large-nodular-type NG was defined as those with 3–4 mm, irregular subepithelial nodules. The endoscopic findings after nodule regression were recorded. RESULTS: Among the 97 H. pylori-infected patients with NG, 61 showed nodule regression after a mean follow-up of 73.0±22.0 months. After nodule regression, 16 patients showed a salt-and-pepper appearance and/or transparent submucosal vessels, indicating CAG. Twenty-nine patients showed diffuse irregular elevations and/or whitish plaques, indicating MG. Sixteen patients with other endoscopic findings (14 normal, one erosive gastritis, and one chronic superficial gastritis) showed a higher proportion of H. pylori eradication (12/16, 75.0%) than those in the CAG group (5/16, 31.3%) and MG group (6/29, 20.7%; p=0.001). Patients with small-granular-type NG tended to progress toward CAG (14/27, 51.9%), whereas those with large-nodular-type NG tended to progress toward MG (25/34, 73.5%; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with a persistent H. pylori infection, NG tended to progress to CAG or MG when the nodules regressed. Small-granular-type NG tended to progress to CAG, whereas large-nodular-type NG tended to progress to MG.

Primary Lymphoma of Pancreatic Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) / 대한내과학회지

Primary lymphoma of pancreatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is extremely rare. Initial suspicion of primary pancreatic lymphoma is hampered by its low incidence. However, it should always be included in a differential diagnosis of pancreatic mass with unusual features, because an accurate diagnosis can avoid unnecessary surgical intervention. A 70-year-old woman presented with melena associated with a mass on the pancreatic head. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided core-needle biopsy of the pancreatic mass revealed MALT lymphoma. The patient is currently undergoing radiation therapy. We present a case of primary lymphoma of the pancreatic MALT with a review of the literature.

Nodular Gastritis as a Precursor Lesion of Atrophic and Metaplastic Gastritis / 대한소화기학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and metaplastic gastritis (MG) are precancerous conditions of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-related gastric cancer. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of nodular gastritis (NG) showing CAG or MG after nodule regression.METHODS: H. pylori-infected patients with NG were included after upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patients were excluded if their latest endoscopy had been performed ≤36 months after the initial diagnosis of NG. Small-granular-type NG was defined as the condition with 1–2 mm regular subepithelial nodules. Large-nodular-type NG was defined as those with 3–4 mm, irregular subepithelial nodules. The endoscopic findings after nodule regression were recorded.RESULTS: Among the 97 H. pylori-infected patients with NG, 61 showed nodule regression after a mean follow-up of 73.0±22.0 months. After nodule regression, 16 patients showed a salt-and-pepper appearance and/or transparent submucosal vessels, indicating CAG. Twenty-nine patients showed diffuse irregular elevations and/or whitish plaques, indicating MG. Sixteen patients with other endoscopic findings (14 normal, one erosive gastritis, and one chronic superficial gastritis) showed a higher proportion of H. pylori eradication (12/16, 75.0%) than those in the CAG group (5/16, 31.3%) and MG group (6/29, 20.7%; p=0.001). Patients with small-granular-type NG tended to progress toward CAG (14/27, 51.9%), whereas those with large-nodular-type NG tended to progress toward MG (25/34, 73.5%; p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: In patients with a persistent H. pylori infection, NG tended to progress to CAG or MG when the nodules regressed. Small-granular-type NG tended to progress to CAG, whereas large-nodular-type NG tended to progress to MG.

An unusual case of hepatic lymphoma with multiple epithelial malignancies

Primary hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma) is a rare entity. Its coexistence with other malignancies is even rarer. Only few case reports of its association with other malignancies mostly gastric and colon cancer have been published. We report a case of primary MALToma of liver in an unusual setting of dual solid malignancy.

Aspectos patológicos e imuno-histoquímicos da polisserosite em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) / Histopathological and immunohistochemical study of the polyserositis in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Polisserosites são alterações inflamatórias das serosas viscerais e parietais das cavidades corpóreas. Um tipo especial destas alterações foi identificado em bubalinos abatidos para consumo nos anos 80, sendo associada a infecção por Chlamydia psittaci. Apesar da importância da bubalinocultura no Pará, do caráter zoonótico da C. psittaci e da possibilidade de envolvimento de outros agentes na afecção, são raros trabalhos sobre a enfermidade desde os estudos pioneiros. No presente trabalho casos identificados como polisserosite pelo serviço de inspeção sanitária em búfalos abatidos para consumo foram coletados com objetivo de determinar a frequência e origem dos mesmos e de caracterizar as lesões e pesquisar antígenos de Chlamydia spp. nas mesmas. De um total de 2.887 bubalinos abatidos no período de estudo foram identificados 48 (1,66%) casos. O município de Santa Cruz do Arari na Ilha de Marajó apresentou a maior porcentagem de casos em relação ao número de animais abatidos (6,49%, 5/77). Na macroscopia as lesões se caracterizaram por áreas opacas, branco-amareladas de espessamento das serosas, por vezes com franjas fibrosas na superfície. Os resultados permitem concluir que os casos classificados como polisserosite pelos veterinários da inspeção sanitária nos búfalos abatidos para consumo correspondem na histopatologia a um tipo incomum de polisserosite, caracterizada por infiltrado linfocitário, com ocasionais formações de folículos linfoides terciários ou ectópicos. Foi observado ainda nestas lesões um predomínio de linfócitos T (CD3 positivos) no infiltrado, sendo os linfócitos B (CD79 positivos) presentes em maior número no interior das estruturas foliculares. Não foram demonstrados antígenos de clamídias nas lesões do presente estudo, o que demonstra a necessidade de estudos adicionais relativos a(s) etiologia(s) das lesões.(AU)

Polyserositis are inflammatory changes of the visceral and parietal serous of body cavities. A special type of polyserositis was identified in buffaloes in the 80s, being associated with infection by Chlamydia psittaci. Since these pioneering studies, there are no additional works about the condition. Considering the importance of buffalo in Pará, the zoonotic character of C. psittaci and the possibility of involvement of other agents in polyserositis in buffaloes the present study is proposed. We collected cases identified as polyserositis by sanitary inspection service in buffalo slaughtered for consumption in Belem for a complementary characterization of inflammatory cell and the research of Chlamydia spp antigens in lesions. Of 2.887 buffaloes slaughtered in a period of six months, there were 48 (1.66%) cases of polyserositis and 39 analyzed. Santa Cruz do Arari in Marajó Island was the city with the highest frequency of cases, whereas 6.49% of buffaloes had lesions. However, 50% of the present study cases came from Soure municipality in Marajó Island, which provided about 49% of buffaloes slaughtered in the period. In the macroscopy, there were opaque areas with white-yellow thickening of the serous, sometimes with fibrous fringes on the surface. Histopathology showed connective tissue projections partially lined by cuboid or flattened mesothelial cells. Often in projections there were mononuclear infiltrate of variable intensity, consisting mainly of lymphoid cells, with occasional ectopic or tertiary lymphoid follicles.(AU)

CT features of pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues lymphoma / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the CT features of pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)lymphoma. Methods The data of 20 cases with pathologically confirmed pulmonary MALT lymphoma were collected.All cases underwent CT plain and enhanced scan,and the CT features were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among the 20 cases,15 cases showed multiple consolidations,accompanied by mass and small nodules,1 case had solitary consolidation with multiple micronodules,2 cases had solitary consolidation,2 cases had diffuse micronodules.The sign of dilated air bronchograms was found in 10 cases with pulmonary consolidation lesions, reaching the margin of lesion.All lesions and masses were mildly and moderately homogenous enhanced.Pulmonary thin-wall cystic cavity was seen in 7 cases of diseased tissue and surrounding lung tissue.Conclusion CT manifestation of pulmonary MALT lymphoma mainly shows multiple lung consolidation,which includes the signs of consolidation with dilated air bronchograms,homogenous enhancement, and accompanying with signs such as mass,micronodules and pulmonary thin-wall cystic cavity.